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- Newsgroups: comp.sys.amiga.advocacy,comp.sys.amiga.misc
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- From: drizzit@eskimo.com (G. Baldwin)
- Subject: Re: Walker vs. the $999 7200/75 w/4xCD!
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- Date: Fri, 5 Apr 1996 04:23:20 GMT
-
- Michael van Elst (mlelstv@serpens.rhein.de) wrote:
- : cbrown@armltd.co.uk (Chris Brown) writes:
-
- : >Your assertion is silly. One of the main reasons why RISC processors
- : >came about in the first place was that memory was too slow for CISC
- : >processors, with thier instructions that operated directly on
- : >memory.
-
- : Ugh, ugh, ugh. RISC CPUs usually need faster memory (and more).
-
- Just because a CPU is RISC based does not instantly mean that its
- binaries will be larger than that of a CISC based chip. If the chip does
- need faster memory, its usually because the CPU itself is faster than its
- CISC counterpart. A Alpha 20164/50 could get away with the same speed
- memory as a MC68060/50 w/o a lv32 cache with any speed hits.
-
- You are comparing apples to oranges.
-
- <Snip>
-
- : >Compare with, say the P6, a CISC chip, which
- : >needs an enormous and fast level 2 cache to perform well.
-
- : That's exactly what RISC CPUs need. Most high end risc machines come
- : with several _megabytes_ of cache. Most Pentiums use 256k or 512k. The
- : P6 isn't better in this regard but (like the latest Alpha) has another
- : hierarchy level. The external cache there becomes L3 because the chips
- : have integrated a relatively small L2 cache themselves.
-
- Most RISC based CPUs are made for high-end applications. Its only been
- the past few years that Mr. Joe-Blow Average has been dinking with them.
- Because of this, high-end RISC based CPUs are designed with power-users in
- mind - they have the money to get chips with huge caches on them.
-
- The HP PA-8000 leaves its caches off chip so they can be several Megs in
- size. This is because the PA-8000 was designed for such things as genetic
- engineering where data sets are far too large to fit in any on-chip cache.
-
- The Alpha 21164A has a 8KB lv1 cache and a 96KB lv2 cache. It also runs
- at speeds of 233, 300 or even 415MHz and runs over $3000/each CPU.
-
- Now compare those to MC68356 that I have in my modem, or the 25MHz AMD
- 29030 that my uncle has in his printer. THEY don't need these huge lv3
- caches that you keep babbling about. I doubt they even have lv2 caches.
- Are they no less RISC based than these mega-CPus that people talk about?
-
- Understood that the high speed RISCs are more influenced on memory speed
- than high speed CISC based chips, but I ask this - what kind of memory
- would you need with a 68060/250 (with memory running at full CPU speed) if
- such a chip existed compared to an Alpha running at the same clock speed?
-
-
- : >>Untill someone makes 5ns main ram (!) and RISC's can go out again, untill
- : >>we get BiCMOS technology for CPU's and at 700Mhz and 20 millions of transistors
- : >>CISC wins again in any case.
-
- : >Huh? You are aware that one of the purest RISC designs around today is
- : >the DEC Alpha, right? It's also the fastest commercially available
- : >microprocessor by a *long* way.
-
- The 21164 has 9.3 million transistors, most of which go to the internal 96KB
- level 2 cache. Take that cache away and you get a very simple CPU design.
- You have a 4 stage instrcution unit, two 3 stage integer units, two 5 stage
- FPU units, an integer register file, and FPU register file, the caches,
- and a BIU. NOt much there... no wonder they already have a 400+MHz
- version out and have plans to push the CPU over the Giga-Herz mark before
- the turn of the century. Such things could never be done with CISC technology.
-
- CPU designers love dealing with these simple CPUs. They may be a little
- hesitant to go back to CISC. CPUs such as the Sparc or MIPS are worse off
- because they are first generations RISC lines and have to drag on old CPU
- technology (hmm, sound familar?)...
-
-
- : It is. But all the RISC technologies depend on memory speed. If memory were
- : ultimatively slow then CISC were the way to go, the more you can do with the
- : single memory fetch, the better. Currently the memory technology can barely
- : keep up with CPU technology. Machines already need huge and expensive caches
- : (most Alphas have 2 or 4MByte cache, SGIs about the same) and we _may_
- : eventually see the return of more CISCier CPUs. This doesn't mean that we see
- : 68k or VAX style machine codes again. These weren't designed to utilize memory
- : bandwidth but to make assembly programming easier and CPU designers won't
- : forget their RISC lessons.
-
- Now its to a point where CPU designers are saying "hey wait a minute,
- these CPU designs are getting rediculous. These 3, 4 or even 5 layer CPUs
- are really a bitch to make!". Is this not true?
-
- The RISC chips may need faster memory than CISC chips, but thats what
- cahces are for. Expensive? Well, up to the last few months, hasn't all
- memory been expensive? Cache memory is just a stopgap till we get a really
- radical new memory technology. Until then, its just a battle between who
- has to support their end... the CPU makers or the memory makers.
-
-
- : But that's speculation. There are a couple of memory technologies that can
- : push RISC designs even more (and even CISC CPUs will benefit from it,
- : although not that much).
-
-
-
-
- : Regards,
- : --
- : Michael van Elst
-
- : Internet: mlelstv@serpens.rhein.de
- : "A potential Snark may lurk in every tree."
-
- Greg Baldwin (drizzit@eskimo.com)
- Amiga junkie and user since 1987 Computer Science & DTV Student
- Commodore64 fan since about 1983 http://www.eskimo.com/~drizzit
- Tyranical EFNet #Amiga Channel Operator "Drizzit"
-